Abemaciclib
Abemaciclib is an antineoplastic therapy for HR-positive, HER2-negative early and advanced or metastatic breast cancer.
Source:
EMA
Active Ingredients:
Indications
Representation
Accurate sex representation in patient population
Efficacy
No sex-specific efficacy data
Posology
No sex differences in posology data
Potential Side Effects
No sex-specific potential side effect data
Sex- and gender-specific information
Men
Women
Disease prevalence by sex
0.5-1%
99-99.5%
Clinical study participation by sex
1%
99%
Representation Gap
Accurate sex representation
0% to +0.5%
-0.5% to 0%
Sex-specific efficacy/accuracy
No sex-specific data
No sex-specific data were reported in the evaluated sources.
Sex-specific posology
No sex differences in data
No sex-specific data were reported in the evaluated sources.
Sex-specific differences in possible side effects
No sex-specific data
No sex-specific data were reported in the evaluated sources.
Pregnancy / lactation
N / A
Women of childbearing potential should use highly effective contraception during treatment and for at least 3 weeks after completing therapy. Abemaciclib is not recommended during pregnancy, and breast-feeding should be avoided.
Sex-specific non-clinical findings
Abemaciclib may impair male fertility; animal studies showed cytotoxic effects in the male reproductive tract.
Animal studies reported no adverse effects on female reproductive organs or female fertility.
Disease prevalence by sex
Men
0.5-1%
Women
99-99.5%
Clinical study participation by sex
Men
1%
Women
99%
Representation Gap
Accurate sex representation
Men
0% to +0.5%
Women
-0.5% to 0%
Sex-specific efficacy/accuracy
No sex-specific data
No sex-specific data were reported in the evaluated sources.
Sex-specific posology
No sex differences in data
No sex-specific data were reported in the evaluated sources.
Sex-specific differences in possible side effects
No sex-specific data
No sex-specific data were reported in the evaluated sources.
Pregnancy / lactation
Men
N / A
Women
Women of childbearing potential should use highly effective contraception during treatment and for at least 3 weeks after completing therapy. Abemaciclib is not recommended during pregnancy, and breast-feeding should be avoided.
Sex-specific non-clinical findings
Men
Abemaciclib may impair male fertility; animal studies showed cytotoxic effects in the male reproductive tract.
Women
Animal studies reported no adverse effects on female reproductive organs or female fertility.
General information
General Efficacy
Primary endpoints: monarchE: invasive disease-free survival (IDFS) in the ITT population. MONARCH 3 and MONARCH 2: investigator-assessed progression-free survival (PFS) according to RECIST 1.1. Secondary endpoints: monarchE: distant relapse free survival (DRFS). MONARCH 3 and MONARCH 2: objective response rate (ORR), clinical benefit rate (CBR), and overall survival (OS).
General Posology
Recommended dose: abemaciclib 150 mg orally twice daily in combination with endocrine therapy. For early breast cancer, treatment is continued for two years or until recurrence or unacceptable toxicity; for advanced or metastatic breast cancer, treatment continues as long as clinical benefit is maintained or until unacceptable toxicity. Dose reductions for adverse reactions are 100 mg twice daily first, then 50 mg twice daily second. If strong CYP3A4 inhibitors cannot be avoided, reduce to 100 mg twice daily; severe hepatic impairment requires once-daily dosing.
Further Dose Adjustments
Reduce to 100 mg twice daily if strong CYP3A4 inhibitors cannot be avoided; use once daily in severe hepatic impairment. Abemaciclib is contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity to the active substance or its excipients.
Possible Side Effects
Most commonly occurring adverse reactions were diarrhoea, infections, neutropenia, leukopenia, anaemia, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, alopecia and decreased appetite. Other very common reactions included thrombocytopenia, lymphopenia, headache, dysgeusia, dizziness, stomatitis, dyspepsia, pruritus, rash, and alanine/aspartate aminotransferase increased. Clinically important reported reactions included febrile neutropenia, venous thromboembolism, and ILD/pneumonitis. Grade 3 or higher events were generally under 5% except neutropenia, leukopenia, and diarrhoea.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients listed in section 6.1.
Clinical Trial Type and Population
The safety and efficacy were evaluated in three randomized Phase 3 studies in HR-positive, HER2-negative early or advanced/metastatic breast cancer. monarchE: n=5,637 randomized; median age approximately 51 years; 99% women. MONARCH 3: n=493; median age 63 years; 100% women. MONARCH 2: n=669; median age 60 years; 100% women.
Representation
Accurate sex representation in patient population
Efficacy
No sex-specific efficacy data
Posology
No sex differences in posology data
Potential Side Effects
No sex-specific potential side effect data
Sex- and gender-specific information
Men
Women
Disease prevalence by sex
0.5-1%
99-99.5%
Clinical study participation by sex
0%
100%
Representation Gap
Accurate sex representation
-1% to -0.5%
+0.5% to +1%
Sex-specific efficacy/accuracy
No sex-specific data
No sex-specific data were reported in the evaluated sources.
Sex-specific posology
No sex differences in data
No sex-specific data were reported in the evaluated sources.
Sex-specific differences in possible side effects
No sex-specific data
No sex-specific data were reported in the evaluated sources.
Pregnancy / lactation
N / A
Women of childbearing potential should use highly effective contraception during treatment and for at least 3 weeks after completing therapy. Abemaciclib is not recommended during pregnancy, and breast-feeding should be avoided.
Sex-specific non-clinical findings
Abemaciclib may impair male fertility; animal studies showed cytotoxic effects in the male reproductive tract.
Animal studies reported no adverse effects on female reproductive organs or female fertility.
Disease prevalence by sex
Men
0.5-1%
Women
99-99.5%
Clinical study participation by sex
Men
0%
Women
100%
Representation Gap
Accurate sex representation
Men
-1% to -0.5%
Women
+0.5% to +1%
Sex-specific efficacy/accuracy
No sex-specific data
No sex-specific data were reported in the evaluated sources.
Sex-specific posology
No sex differences in data
No sex-specific data were reported in the evaluated sources.
Sex-specific differences in possible side effects
No sex-specific data
No sex-specific data were reported in the evaluated sources.
Pregnancy / lactation
Men
N / A
Women
Women of childbearing potential should use highly effective contraception during treatment and for at least 3 weeks after completing therapy. Abemaciclib is not recommended during pregnancy, and breast-feeding should be avoided.
Sex-specific non-clinical findings
Men
Abemaciclib may impair male fertility; animal studies showed cytotoxic effects in the male reproductive tract.
Women
Animal studies reported no adverse effects on female reproductive organs or female fertility.
General information
General Efficacy
Primary endpoints: monarchE: invasive disease-free survival (IDFS) in the ITT population. MONARCH 3 and MONARCH 2: investigator-assessed progression-free survival (PFS) according to RECIST 1.1. Secondary endpoints: monarchE: distant relapse free survival (DRFS). MONARCH 3 and MONARCH 2: objective response rate (ORR), clinical benefit rate (CBR), and overall survival (OS).
General Posology
Recommended dose: abemaciclib 150 mg orally twice daily in combination with endocrine therapy. For early breast cancer, treatment is continued for two years or until recurrence or unacceptable toxicity; for advanced or metastatic breast cancer, treatment continues as long as clinical benefit is maintained or until unacceptable toxicity. Dose reductions for adverse reactions are 100 mg twice daily first, then 50 mg twice daily second. If strong CYP3A4 inhibitors cannot be avoided, reduce to 100 mg twice daily; severe hepatic impairment requires once-daily dosing.
Further Dose Adjustments
Reduce to 100 mg twice daily if strong CYP3A4 inhibitors cannot be avoided; use once daily in severe hepatic impairment. Abemaciclib is contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity to the active substance or its excipients.
Possible Side Effects
Most commonly occurring adverse reactions were diarrhoea, infections, neutropenia, leukopenia, anaemia, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, alopecia and decreased appetite. Other very common reactions included thrombocytopenia, lymphopenia, headache, dysgeusia, dizziness, stomatitis, dyspepsia, pruritus, rash, and alanine/aspartate aminotransferase increased. Clinically important reported reactions included febrile neutropenia, venous thromboembolism, and ILD/pneumonitis. Grade 3 or higher events were generally under 5% except neutropenia, leukopenia, and diarrhoea.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients listed in section 6.1.
Clinical Trial Type and Population
The safety and efficacy were evaluated in three randomized Phase 3 studies in HR-positive, HER2-negative early or advanced/metastatic breast cancer. monarchE: n=5,637 randomized; median age approximately 51 years; 99% women. MONARCH 3: n=493; median age 63 years; 100% women. MONARCH 2: n=669; median age 60 years; 100% women.
EQUAL CARE® Evaluations
EQUAL CARE® Evaluation
Medication
Source
Source:
EMA
Date of first authorisation:
27 September 2018
Source URL:
https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/product-information/verzenios-epar-product-information_en.pdf
Prevalence Source: